Nation State A nation state is a political entity regulated under a system of government which holds power within its defined territory, and
Leo Frobenius (1873-1938) was a German ethnologist, archaeologist, and proponent of a culture-historical approach to ethnology. He is also co
The Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF) was an organisation, founded in 1950 at a conference that gathered a group of anti-communist intellec
Authenticité (Authenticity) was a radical version of Afrocentrism introduced in the late 1960s and early 1970s by Mobutu Sese Seko as an offi
Nazism The most extremist example of monocultural ideology is that of National Socialism in Germany. A pertinent reminder of this is Psyc
One of the most striking historical examples of ideological monoculture in the cultural field was of ‘entartete kunst’ (‘degenerate art’) in
American author and daughter of Theodora Kroeber Ursula Le Guin (1929-2018) is best known for her science fiction books from the late 1960s o
The Corn Campaign The Corn Campaign was the mass introduction of corn into the agriculture of the USSR in the 1950s and 1960s as a solution t
The Novosti Press Agency was founded in 1961. The Agency operated as an impressive propaganda machine with numerous branches all around the w
With The End of History and the Last Man Francis Fukuyama proclaims the victory of Western democracy over communism and all other ideologies.
These two exhibitions, which took place in New York three years apart, are often regarded together, as both were heavily orientated towards t
1er Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres (The First World Festival of Negro Arts) was held in Dakar, Senegal, 1–24 April 1966, initiated by Léopo
As with a number of exhibitions M HKA has organised in recent years exploring questions we feel to be relevant for society and culture at lar
The culture of nationalities, which was developing in the USSR under the concept of “national in form and socialist in content”, was consider
Soviet Propaganda The Novosti Press Agency was founded in 1961. The Agency operated as an impressive propaganda machine with numerous bra
Ronald Wilson Reagan (1911-2004) was a Hollywood actor and an American politician who served as the 40th President of the United States from
OSPAAAL The Organization of Solidarity with the People of Asia, Africa and Latin America (OSPAAAL) was founded in Havana, Cuba, in Januar
Objectivisme Ayn Rand, originally Alisa Rosenbaum (1905-1982), was a Russian-American writer. Famous primarily for her novels that gained wor
Sir Francis Galton introduced the very term eugenics and laid the foundations for a movement that would develop in the following decades. Ins
Madison Grant was an American writer and zoologist known primarily for his work as a eugenicist. The subtitle of the book refers to the key t
The philosophical undercurrent to our investigations in the exhibition Monoculture – A Recent History comes via the notion of ‘ambiguity’. In
Facilitated by the two emerging scientific disciplines of ethnology and anthropology, ‘ethnological exhibitions’, also referred to as human z
Négritude was conceived as an emancipatory cultural movement, initiated in the Interwar period by francophone intellectuals of the African di
Universalism In philosophy, universality is the idea that universal facts exist and can be discovered, as opposed to relativism, which asser
In 1930, after 1885 and 1894, Antwerp organised a world exhibition. It would be the third and last time. For Antwerp, the International Exhib
South Africa was already experiencing racial segregation during British colonial rule. 'Apartheid' refers to the government policy of segrega
Socialist Realism was an artistic phenomenon and 'creative method' of the Soviet Union. Introduced as a doctrine of the single creative metho
Das Wunder des Lebens was a propaganda exhibition organised to promote the racial ideology of the Nazis. It was shown in Berlin at the Kaiser
